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Antidepressants | Clinical
Depression
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An
antidepressant is a medication designed to
treat or alleviate
the symptoms of clinical depression.
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Some
antidepressants,
notably the tricyclics, are commonly used off-label in the
treatment of neuropathic pain, whether or not the patient
is depressed.
Smaller doses are
generally used for this purpose, and they often take
effect more quickly. Many antidepressants also are
used for the treatment of anxiety disorders, and tricyclic
antidepressants are used in the treatment of
chronic pain disorders such as chronic functional
abdominal pain (CFAP), myofascial pain syndrome, and
post-herpetic neuralgia.
The main classes of antidepressants have similar
efficacy, but the newer types are generally regarded to
have a more benign side-effect profile and less risk of
lethality if taken in overdose. |
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Like many psychiatric drugs, antidepressants were
discovered by accident. The first antidepressants,
imipramine, a tricyclic, and iproniazid, a monoamine oxidase
inhibitor, were discovered in the 1950s. These drugs were
found to have the side effect of improving the patients' mood.
However, the newer SSRI antidepressants were early examples of
rational drug design. |
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Clinical Depression
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Clinical
depression is state
of sadness or melancholia that has advanced to the point of being
disruptive to an individual's social functioning and/or activities of
daily living.
The diagnosis may be applied when an
individual meets a sufficient number of the symptomatic criteria for the
depression spectrum as suggested in the DSM-IV-TR or ICD-9/10. It is
important to note that an individual may suffer from what is termed a
"clinical depression" without fully meeting the criteria for a specific
diagnosis on the depression spectrum. Clinically, this is referred to as a
"depressed mood". This state is typically psycho-social in nature, as
opposed to organic (chemical). A strict clinical diagnosis of Depression,
and/or its various corollaries, almost invariably maintains the presence
of a biological component.
Although a mood characterized by sadness is often colloquially referred to
as depression, clinical depression is something more than just a temporary
state of sadness. Symptoms lasting two weeks or longer, and of a severity
that begins to interfere with typical social functioning and/or activities
of daily living, are considered to constitute clinical depression.
Clinical depression affects about 16% of the population on at least one
occasion in their lives. The mean age of onset, from a number of studies,
is in the late 20s. About twice as many females as males report or receive
treatment for clinical depression, though this imbalance is shrinking over
the course of recent history; this difference seems to completely
disappear after the age of 50 - 55, when most females have passed the end
of menopause. Clinical depression is currently the leading cause of
disability in the US as well as other countries, and is expected to become
the second leading cause of disability worldwide (after heart disease) by
the year 2020, according to the World Health Organization.
More info:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_depression
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Antidepressants | Clinical
Depression
The information
is derived from believed to be reliable government
sources
and is not meant to be medical advice.
Clinical Depression needs to be
treated by a qualified medical doctor. |
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Antidepressants | Clinical
Depression
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